Robert M. Bowman Jr.
Robert M. Bowman Jr. is an evangelical Christian apologist, biblical scholar, author, editor, and lecturer, and the president of the Institute for Religious Research (IRR.org), based in Cedar Springs, Michigan. He has lectured on biblical studies, religion, theology, and apologetics at Biola University, Cornerstone University, and New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary. The author of over sixty articles and the author or co-author of fourteen books, Dr. Bowman holds the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in biblical studies from Fuller Theological Seminary and South African Theological Seminary.
Education
PhD (South African Theological Seminary)
Reviews
Colossians And Philemon. ICC. T&T Clark, 2005.
An unusually conservative entry in this academically rigorous commentary series.
[Full Review]
Tolmie, D. Francois; Friedl, Alfred. eds. Philemon in Perspective: Interpreting a Pauline Letter. De Gruyter, 2010.
Collection of papers from a 2008 conference, examining the epistle using a variety of methods.
[Full Review]
Arnold, Clinton E. ed. Colossians and Philemon. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2012.
Recent commentary by an evangelical scholar.
[Full Review]
The Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2008.
Standard commentary by preeminent evangelical Pauline scholar.
[Full Review]
Johnson, Matthew V.; Noel, James A.; Williams, Demetrius K. eds. Onesimus Our Brother: Reading Religion, Race, and Slavery in Philemon. Fortress Press, 2012.
Essays exploring the epistle from African-American perspectives.
[Full Review]
Colossians and Philemon. EGGNT. B&H Academic, 2010.
Strong evangelical commentary, originally published 1991.
[Full Review]
The Letter to Philemon. AYB. Yale University Press, 2000.
Standard academic commentary by a renowned Roman Catholic NT scholar.
[Full Review]
The Letter to Philemon. ECC. Eerdmans, 2000.
Massive commentary on Paul’s shortest epistle, by Karl Barth’s son.
[Full Review]
Philippians (2nd ed.). BECNT. Baker Academic, 2005.
Still one of the very best commentaries on Philippians, by a well-known evangelical NT scholar.
[Full Review]
Philippians. AYB. Yale University Press, 2008.
tandard liberal Protestant academic commentary.
[Full Review]
Reconstructing Honor in Roman Philippi: Carmen Christi as Cursus Pudorum. SNTSMS. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Arguably the best academic monograph on Philippians 2:6-11, one of the most debated passages in the Bible.
[Full Review]
Philippians. EGGNT. B&H Academic, 2015.
New exegetical commentary by a NT professor at Biola University; presents detailed information about the Greek text alongside important background information
[Full Review]
Philippians. SGBC. Zondervan, 2013.
Evangelical commentary in this relatively new series.
[Full Review]
Ephesians. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2010.
Excellent, evangelical commentary.
[Full Review]
Ephesians. WBC. Thomas Nelson, 1990.
Brand-new, expanded edition of Lincoln’s standard academic, mainline commentary, first published in 1990 and revised in 2003.
[Full Review]
Ephesians: An Exegetical Commentary. Baker Books, 2002.
Magnum opus of this influential Dallas Seminary professor; an indispensable reference
[Full Review]
Ephesians. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2010.
Perhaps the best recent commentary on the epistle, by an evangelical scholar well known for his earlier work on Ephesians and Colossians.
[Full Review]
Mark. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2008.
Detailed evangelical commentary fully engaging textual and literary-critical issues.
[Full Review]
Mark. 2 Vols. AYB. Yale University Press, 2009.
Arguably the best mainline, non-conservative commentary on Mark.
[Full Review]
The Gospel of Mark. NIGTC. Eerdmans, 2002.
Conservative commentary striking an excellent balance of exegetical and theological engagement with the text.
[Full Review]
Mark. Herm. Fortress Press, 2007.
The standard liberal commentary, bringing a wealth of background information to bear but depreciating the historical nature of the Gospel narrative.
[Full Review]
“Mark” in Matthew, Mark. CBC. Tyndale House, 2006.
Current, meaty commentary by a leading evangelical scholar on the Gospels, featuring a helpful overview of Markan scholarship and an especially lengthy bibliography of secondary literature on Mark.
[Full Review]
Sermon On The Mount: Restoring Christ's Message to the Modern Church. NAC-SBT. B&H Academic, 2011.
Best commentary on the Sermon on the Mount.
[Full Review]
Matthew. IVPNTC. InterVarsity Press, 1997.
Most thorough treatment of Matthew’s cultural context, with numerous citations to background literature from both Jewish and Greco-Roman sources.
[Full Review]
The Gospel of Matthew. NICNT. Eerdmans, 2007.
Best exegetical and theological commentary, a stand-out especially in its handling of the Olivet Discourse.
[Full Review]
Matthew. NCBC. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Best recent commentary, strong on the historical and cultural contexts.
[Full Review]
Matthew. 3 Vols. ICC. T&T Clark, 1988.
The best non-evangelical, critical commentary. Both Davies and Allison are renowned scholars on Matthew.
[Full Review]
Arnold, Clinton E. ed. Galatians. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2010.
Excellent evangelical commentary by the leading Southern Baptist Pauline scholar.
[Full Review]
Nanos, Mark D. eds.The Galatians Debate: Contemporary Issues in Rhetorical and Historical Interpretation. Baker Academic, 2002.
Essays, generally by liberal and secular scholars, exemplifying rhetorical and socio-historical approaches to NT studies and contemporary academic scholarship on the interpretation of Galatians.
[Full Review]
Galatians. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2013.
Arguably the best evangelical commentary on Galatians, though Schreiner’s is certainly also worthy.
[Full Review]
Galatians. AYB. Yale University Press, 1997.
Standard mainline Protestant commentary, generally reflecting the New Perspective on Paul.
[Full Review]
Galatians. NTL. Westminster John Knox, 2011.
Standard mainline Protestant commentary, interpreting the epistle as an “apocalyptic sermon.”
[Full Review]
A Week in the Life of Corinth. IVP Academic, 2012.
And now for something completely different: Witherington has written a novel about a Corinthian through whose eyes we come to understand Corinth, in the process illuminating our understanding of Paul’s epistles to the church there.
[Full Review]
The First Epistle to the Corinthians. NIGTC. Eerdmans, 2000.
Massive, philosophically and exegetically sophisticated commentary, notable for its standout, vigorous defense of the materiality of the resurrection body in 1 Corinthians 15.
[Full Review]
The Second Letter to the Corinthians. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2014.
Just published, but reviews suggest this may now be the best commentary on 2 Corinthians.
[Full Review]
2 Corinthians. WBC. Thomas Nelson, 1986.
Standard academic commentary on 2 Corinthians by a renowned neo-evangelical Pauline scholar.
[Full Review]
The World of 1 Corinthians: An Exegetical Source Book of Literary and Visual Backgrounds. Cascade Books, 2013.
A commentary that focuses on explaining the historical and cultural references and contexts using numerous quotations from ancient sources as well as photographs and other visual aids.
[Full Review]
The Second Epistle to the Corinthians. NIGTC. Eerdmans, 2005.
Exegetical commentary by a scholar especially noted for his close reading of the Greek text.
[Full Review]
1 Corinthians. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2003.
Massive commentary by an evangelical NT scholar.
[Full Review]
First Corinthians. AYB. Yale University Press, 2008.
Best commentary representing mainstream critical scholarship, by a renowned Roman Catholic scholar.
[Full Review]
The First Epistle to the Corinthians. NICNT. Eerdmans, 1987.
Magisterial commentary by the premier Pentecostal New Testament scholar.
[Full Review]
The First Letter to the Corinthians. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2010.
Perhaps the best overall, up-to-date commentary on 1 Corinthians.
[Full Review]
Romans. BECNT. Baker Academic, 1998.
Evangelical exegetical and theological commentary that is critical of the approach taken by Dunn and other scholars.
[Full Review]
The Epistle to the Romans. NICNT. Eerdmans, 1996.
Excellent scholarly commentary by an evangelical scholar, sensitive to theological issues.
[Full Review]
Paul's Letter to the Romans. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2012.
One of the very best and most recent commentaries on Romans, critiquing the New Perspective.
[Full Review]
Romans. Herm. Fortress Press, 2006.
Standard liberal commentary, a massive work drawing heavily on ancient literature, making full use of new critical methods, and treating Romans more culturally and ideologically than theologically.
[Full Review]
Romans. 2 Vols. WBC. Thomas Nelson, 1988.
Controversial, stimulating commentary by a neo-evangelical theologian who supports the unconventional view (known as the New Perspective on Paul) of Paul’s critique of first-century Judaism.
[Full Review]
Romans. SP. Liturgical Press, 1996.
Detailed commentary by a Jesuit scholar that supports at crucial points the correctness of the Protestant interpretation.
[Full Review]
James. EGGNT. B&H Academic, 2012.
Excellent recent evangelical commentary providing close exegesis of the Greek text.
[Full Review]
The Letter of James. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2000.
Probably the most popular commentary on James, by a scholar even better known for his commentary on Romans; solidly evangelical.
[Full Review]
The Letter of James. AYB. Yale University Press, 1995.
Commentary by a moderate, independently-minded Roman Catholic scholar. Argues for the unity of the epistle, its early date and authorship by the historical James, and against the claim that James and Paul conflicted over faith and works.
[Full Review]
James. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2008.
Good evangelical commentary; Blomberg has written extensively on New Testament teachings about the rich and the poor, a major theme of the epistle.
[Full Review]
James. ICC. T&T Clark, 2013.
Allison, a liberal scholar best known for his work on Matthew, interprets James as a second-century pseudepigraphal text that was critical of Paul.
[Full Review]
Hebrews. BTCPC. B&H Academic, 2015.
Following a thorough introduction, noted Southern Baptist NT scholar Schreiner gives a detailed commentary and then concludes with a rich study of the biblical and theological themes in Hebrews. First volume released in a promising new commentary series.
[Full Review]
Hebrews. AYB. Yale University Press, 2001.
Standard academic reference from a liberal/secular perspective.
[Full Review]
Bateman IV, Herbert W. ed. Four Views on the Warning Passages in Hebrews (Viewpoints). Kregel Academic, 2007.
“A classical Arminian view” (Grant R. Osborne); “A classical Reformed view” (Buist M. Fanning); “A Wesleyan Arminian view” (Gareth Lee Cockerill); and “A moderate Reformed view” (Randall C. Gleason); conclusion by George H. Guthrie.
[Full Review]
Charts on the Book of Hebrews. CBT. Kregel Publications, 2012.
Numerous helpful charts regarding the different views on the authorship of the book, historical and religious backgrounds, various interpretive issues, and the like; evangelical.
[Full Review]
The Letters to Timothy and Titus. NICNT. Eerdmans, 2006.
Towner, an evangelical scholar and leading expert on the Pastoral Epistles, defends Paul’s authorship and exegetes the epistles in detailed engagement with modern scholarship in what may be the longest commentary on the Pastoral Epistles in print.
[Full Review]
Interpreting the Pauline Epistles. Baker Academic, 2011.
Not a commentary, but a kind of handbook on interpretation using the Pastoral Epistles as examples; covers the genre of the letters, textual criticism, translation, historical and critical issues, grammatical and lexical study, analyzing the argument, and interpreting the epistles’ theology.
[Full Review]
1 & 2 Timothy, Titus. H/ABCS. Hippo Books, 2009.
Offers a helpful non-Western perspective on the church issues addressed in the Pastoral Epistles.
[Full Review]
The Pastoral Epistles. ICC. T&T Clark, 1999.
Excellent commentary by the moderately evangelical, eminent British NT scholar Marshall, in collaboration with one of the top scholars on the Pastoral Epistles.
[Full Review]
Köstenberger, Andreas J.; Wilder, Terry L. eds. Entrusted with the Gospel: Paul's Theology in the Pastoral Epistles. B&H Academic, 2010.
Evangelical scholarly essays engaging current issues in the criticism and interpretation of the Pastoral Epistles.
[Full Review]
The Pastoral Epistles. NIGTC. Eerdmans, 1992.
Still one of the very best evangelical commentaries on the epistles, by a Reformed scholar. Defends Pauline authorship while arguing that Luke may have been Paul’s amanuensis.
[Full Review]
Pastoral Epistles: First Timothy, Second Timothy, and Titus. SP. Liturgical Press, 2003.
Jesuit biblical scholar gives a contemporary Roman Catholic scholarly and pastoral perspective on the Pastoral Epistles.
[Full Review]
I and II Timothy and Titus. NTL. Westminster John Knox, 2002.
Moderate Roman Catholic scholar expounding the Pastoral Epistles from within the conventional critical view that they were post-Pauline compositions.
[Full Review]
1–2 Thessalonians. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2014.
Exhaustive, recent evangelical commentary.
[Full Review]
1 and 2 Thessalonians Through the Centuries. BBC. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
A “reception history” commentary, exploring how the epistles impacted religion and culture and in turn how such developments affected contemporary interpretation of the epistles. Note: This commentary is simply too expensive!
[Full Review]
Arnold, Clinton E. ed. 1 and 2 Thessalonians. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2012.
Recent, well-done commentary on the epistles by an evangelical scholar teaching in Costa Rica.
[Full Review]
The Letters to the Thessalonians. AYB. Yale University Press, 2000.
Noteworthy commentary by a mainline scholar known for his skill in placing NT writings in the context of classic Greco-Roman literature. This commentary builds on earlier work that Malherbe had done on Thessalonians.
[Full Review]
The Letters to the Thessalonians. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2002.
One of the best evangelical commentaries on the epistles.
[Full Review]
The First and Second Letters to the Thessalonians. NICNT. Eerdmans, 2009.
Evangelical commentary that is generally strong in exegesis but weak in engaging critical scholarship on the epistles
[Full Review]
1–3 John. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2008.
Noteworthy in-depth evangelical commentary.
[Full Review]
I, II, and III John. NTL. Westminster John Knox, 2008.
Mainstream scholarly commentary, dissociating the epistles from the Gospel of John.
[Full Review]
1, 2, and 3 John. ZECNT. Zondervan, 2014.
Most up-to-date evangelical commentary on the epistles.
[Full Review]
Communities in Dispute: Current Scholarship on the Johannine Epistles (Early Christianity and Its Literature). SBL Press, 2014.
Collection of essays representing current mainline/liberal scholarship on the epistles.
[Full Review]
The Epistles of John. AYB. Yale University Press, 1982.
Massive commentary (over 800 pages) by the most influential Roman Catholic biblical scholar of the twentieth century (taking a moderately critical approach).
[Full Review]
2 Peter, Jude. AYB. Yale University Press, 1993.
Moderately critical Roman Catholic scholar’s commentary on the epistles.
[Full Review]
Jude and 2 Peter. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2008.
One of the best recent evangelical commentaries on the epistles; recommended by both Bauckham and Davids.
[Full Review]
The Letters of 2 Peter and Jude. PNTC. Eerdmans, 2006.
Perhaps the most popular academic commentary on the epistles; recommended by Clint Arnold, Jerome Neyrey, Seyoon Kim, and Ralph P. Martin.
[Full Review]
Jude and the Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church. T&T Clark, 1990.
Moderately conservative study exploring the connections between the epistle of Jude and the historical Jesus.
[Full Review]
2 Peter and Jude. WBC. Thomas Nelson, 1983.
One of the most often-cited commentaries on the epistles, and justly so; worthy of being on this list although it is now somewhat dated.
[Full Review]
Spirits and the Proclamation of Christ: 1 Peter 3:18-22 in Light of Sin and Punishment Traditions in Early Jewish and Christian Literature ... Untersuchungen Zum Neuen Testament 2.Reihe). Mohr Siebeck, 2011.
The most thorough recent monograph on what may be the most controversial passage in the New Testament, offering a careful review of the relevant ancient literature.
[Full Review]
1 Peter. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2005.
Excellent commentary by an evangelical scholar whose work deserves to be better known.
[Full Review]
1 Peter. EGGNT. B&H Academic, 2014.
Recent commentary by an Australian evangelical scholar focused on the exegesis of the Greek text.
[Full Review]
1 Peter. AYB. Yale University Press, 2001.
Nearly a thousand pages long commentary by the premiere modern Petrine scholar, a Lutheran who taught for decades at the Jesuit-run University of San Francisco. Even though it is older than the excellent commentaries by Forbes and Jobes, this one remains an absolute must for serious exegetical study of the epistle
[Full Review]
1 Peter. Herm. Fortress Press, 1996.
Well-done but now somewhat dated commentary reflecting standard mainline/liberal approach to the epistle.
[Full Review]
Charts on the Book of Revelation: Literary, Historical, and Theological Perspectives. CBT. Kregel Academic, 2007.
Extremely useful information relevant to Revelation presented in a very accessible way, covering such topics as views on the author, date, genres, and structure of the book; thematic parallels to other NT books and to 4 Ezra; symbols, colors, numbers, and angels in Revelation; and much more.
[Full Review]
Revelation. 2 Vols. WEC. Moody, 1992.
Dispensational premillennial (futurist); perhaps the best commentary from this perspective.
[Full Review]
The Returning King: A Guide to the Book of Revelation. P&R Publishing, 2000.
Idealist, amillennial introduction (not an exhaustive exegetical commentary), arguing that Revelation is meant to be understood even (or especially) by non-scholars.
[Full Review]
Revelation. BECNT. Baker Academic, 2002.
Historic premillennial, eclectic approach (moderately futurist). Comparable theologically to the older (and still excellent) commentary by George Eldon Ladd.
[Full Review]
Apocalypse and Millennium: Studies in Biblical Eisegesis. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Studies in how Revelation has been interpreted in the past three centuries, with special attention to Adventism and Koresh.
[Full Review]
Revelation. NIVAC. Zondervan, 2000.
Evangelical commentary emphasizing application to the church’s contemporary context and concerns, by a scholar intimately familiar with the Jewish and Greco-Roman literature and cultural backgrounds. One of the best commentaries occupying the middle ground between academic exegetical references and popular expositions, and therefore of special interest to pastors.
[Full Review]
Boxall, Ian; Tresley, Richard. eds. The Book of Revelation and Its Interpreters: Short Studies and an Annotated Bibliography. Rowman & Littlefield, 2015.
For no other book of the Bible is its reception history of importance in approaching its interpretation today than in the case of the book of Revelation. This book reviews the history of how Revelation was interpreted up through 1700.
[Full Review]
Gregg, Steve. ed. Revelation: Four Views, Revised & Updated. Thomas Nelson, 2012.
Four separate passage-by-passage commentaries on Revelation, all written by Gregg though including excerpts from other commentaries, to represent the four major approaches to the book, placed in parallel columns for ease of comparison.
[Full Review]
Gundry, Stanley N.; Bock, Darrell L.; Gentry, Jr., Kenneth L.; Strimple, Robert B.; Blaising, Craig A. eds. Three Views on the Millennium and Beyond. CP. Zondervan, 1999.
Generally well-done, cordial discussion by three NT scholars defending and responding to postmillennialism (Kenneth L. Gentry Jr.), premillennialism (Craig A. Blaising), and amillennialism (Robert B. Strimple).
[Full Review]
The Book of Revelation. NIGTC. Eerdmans, 1998.
New International Greek Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999. Masterful analysis from an idealist, amillennial perspective, especially strong in relating Revelation to the OT.
[Full Review]